Bacterial desulfonation of the ethanesulfonate metabolite of the chloroacetanilide herbicide metazachlor

Article Abstract:

Enrichment cultures to desulfonate the ethanesulfonate metabolite of metazachlor (R-CH2-SO3-) can be readily obtained and from which a defined desulfonation product can be derived. Inocula taken from five sources was used as enrichment cultures to utilize R-CH2-SO3- as a sole source of sulfur for the growth of microorganisms. Bacteria from each culture caused the disappearance of R-CH2-SO3- and the formation of a product identified as the glycolate metabolite. A pure culture, strain HL1, was singled out, which quantitatively desulfonated R-CH2-SO3-, the sulfur recovered in cell protein.

Biodegradation, Herbicides, Desulfurization, Desulfuration

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Glutathione conjugation and contaminant transformation

Article Abstract:

Glutathione conjugation can be a significant detoxification pathway carried out by aquatic and terrestrial plants and soil microorganisms. This hypothesis is supported by results of studies on weed science, toxicology and biochemistry. As a potentially important environmental phenomena, glutathione conjugation deserves multidisciplinary research, focusing on the occurrence and expression of glutathione and the effect of glutathione conjugation on the mass balance of contaminants in the environment.

Bacterial transformation, Glutathione, Conjugation (Biology), Conjugation (Reproduction)

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Nonylphenol polyethoxy carboxylate metabolites of nonionic surfactants in U.S. paper mill effluents, municipal sewage treatment plant effluents, and river waters

Article Abstract:

A novel method was developed for the analysis of nonylphenol polyethoxy carboxylate metabolites (NPEC) in municipal sewage treatment plants. The method utilizes 4-bromophenylacetic acid as a surrogate standard for the NPEC metabolites of nonylphenol polyethoxylate surfactants. The method was utilized to recover 106-138% of NPEC from composite paper mill effluents. The levels of NPEC from water samples taken from fifteen paper mills were below the lethal dose that leads to fish kill.

Waste Management and Remediation Services, Water Pollution NEC, Analysis, Environmental aspects, Water pollution, Pollutants, Surface active agents, Effluent quality, Paper mills

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