Managing research collaborations as a portfolio of contracts: a risk reduction strategy by pharmaceutical firms

Article Abstract:

A risk reduction strategy aimed at minimizing a pharmaceutical company's exposure to R&D risks has been proposed. The technique involves maximizing a firm's limited R&D budget by outsourcing upstream research to non-profit technology institutions and focusing in-house R&D on commercial scale activities. The process, which has been derived from an in-depth study of small pharmaceutical companies, provides an alternative to small firms that face the prospect of high R&D expenditures.

Drugs & Pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing, Research & Development, Scientific Research and Development Services, Drugs, Partnerships, Methods, Pharmaceutical industry, Finance, Research institutes, Research, Research and development partnership, Research and development partnerships

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Determinants of brand equity for banking business application software products

Article Abstract:

The determinants of brand equity for banking business application software products using semi-structured interview format are highlighted. The key determinants include perceived value and trust.

Marketing procedures, Management dynamics, India, Marketing, Company marketing practices, Company business management, Financial software, Brand identity, Banking/finance/investment software, Banking software

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