Rapid distillationless "free cyanide" determination by a flow injection ligand exchange method
Article Abstract:
The flow injection ligand exchange (FILE) for the determination of free cyanide was developed and its performance was compared with cyanide amenable to chlorination (CATC) and weak and dissociable cyanide (WAD) methods. Studies have exposed serious problems associated with the use of CATC and WAD. In contrast, the FILE method showed complete cyanide recoveries from cyanide-containing metal compounds even if large amounts of free cyanide ions were present. No free cyanide was detected from species that do not produce free cyanide. The FILE method also offers the advantages of being fast, reproducible, selective and easily automatable.
Publication Name: Environmental Science & Technology
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
Year: 1995
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Optimizing composite sampling protocols
Article Abstract:
Composite sampling is a method used by scientists to obtain sufficient samples that are needed to perform accurate analysis and to reduce analytical costs of samples. There are two types of measurements made on composite samples: grab and composite. A study comparing the models for grab and composite sampling revealed that the compositing strategy reduces the cost of analytical tests but it does not estimate the variance between sampling units. The results failed to show whether composite sampling is the optimum sampling protocol.
Publication Name: Environmental Science & Technology
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
Year: 1996
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Evaluation of censored data methods to allow statistical comparisons among very small samples with below detection limit observations
Article Abstract:
Regression order statistics and maximum likelihood techniques that were always used to determine population parameters from censored environmental samples are always inadequate with regards to small-sample statistical hypothesis testing with more than minimal censoring. The methods are usually unable to accurately infer distributional properties and their consequent low power or high type l error rates.
Publication Name: Environmental Science & Technology
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
Year: 1998
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