Solid-state deuterium NMR spectroscopy of d5-phenol in white portland cement: a new method for assessing solidification/stabilization

Article Abstract:

A study has investigated the solidification/stabilization (S/S) of waste in portland cement. Solid-state deuterium spectroscopy techniques were used to to assess interaction between waste and cement. Such techniques are non-destructive and non-invasive. The study used phenol as used as a model waste. The study identified a liquid and rigid environment for phenol in cement. The liquid phenol does not bind to the cement matrix. The study therefore reveals that total immobilisation does not occur in the S/S of phenol in portland cement.

Chemical reactions

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Solidification/stabilization of hazardous waste: evidence of physical encapsulation

Article Abstract:

Solidification/stabilization (S/S) is a hazardous waste disposal technique in which binders are mixed with liquid or semisolid wastes. This mixture creates a structurally sound and fairly impermeable solid. Portland cement was used as a binder in the S/S of a synthetic electroplating sludge made of impure, submicrometer-sized heavy metal salt crystallites. The primary stabilization mechanism was microscopic-scale physical encapsulation. The research showed that the nature of the waste in the binder affected the efficacy of S/S.

Management, Usage, Binders (Materials), Hazardous wastes, Microencapsulation

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Mechanisms of metal stabilization in cementitious matrix: interaction of tricalcium aluminate and copper oxide/hydroxide

Article Abstract:

Research has investigated the chemical reactions involved in fixation systems in solidification/stabilisation processes. Information is relevant to the safe disposal of industrial waste. Tricalcium aluminate and copper oxide/hydroxide were tested as fixing agents. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray diffractometer technology established interaction of chemicals. Research revealed fixation occurred by chemical interaction and physical entrappment.

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