Taking the lean out of the Leaning Tower of Pisa?
Article Abstract:
The International Committee for the Stabilization of the Pisa Tower is considering proposals to reinforce the structure to prevent its total collapse. The tower is tilted 18 ft southward and engineers have yet to determine its current rate of lean. One proposed reinforcement scheme involves the installation of ground reinforcement to minimize ground shifting under the tower and the manipulation of ground water pumping to control shifts in soil pressure. Meanwhile, research shows that the tower's tilt may have been caused by 12th century building methods.
Publication Name: Civil Engineering
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0885-7024
Year: 1992
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Making the connection
Article Abstract:
Structural engineers and researchers have carried out a study to devise a way to repair and seismically upgrade welded steel moment frames. Polymer composites and high-strength epoxy adhesives were utilized to repair damaged steel connections. Results of connection tests showed that a methacralate adhesive system works best for most frame surfaces. Findings also revealed the need for more studies concerning the use of adhesively bonded steel stiffeners in repairing welded steel moment frames.
Publication Name: Civil Engineering
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0885-7024
Year: 1999
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Tracking seismic hazards
Article Abstract:
The Union Station in Portland, OR has become a seismic hazard due to its unreinforced masonry. The engineers of Kramer Gehlen & Assoc were selected to conduct seismic hazard analysis to determine improvements needed for the station. The analysis is divided into two phases which include field investigation and drawing review in the first phase and the development of schematic retrofit designs in the second phase.
Publication Name: Civil Engineering
Subject: Science and technology
ISSN: 0885-7024
Year: 1997
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