The mitochondrial genome: an essential intruder

Article Abstract:

The mitochondrion is a cell organelle containing its own genetic material called mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Researchers have discovered that there exist base sequences that are common to all mtDNAs regardless of its source. Researchers also explain that mitochondria evolved from aerobic procaryotic bacteria incorporated in anaerobic eucaryotic cells. This explains the presence of another set of genes in the organelle.

Mitochondria, Mitochondrial DNA, Cell organelles, Organelles

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The intron story

Article Abstract:

Research on the role of introns in the splitting of eucaryotic genes have come a long way due to advancements in the study of baker's yeast and mammalian cells. The development of cell free systems have finally led to the discovery of the basic splicing mechanism and splicing components. Recently, more studies have began to focus on alternative splicing schemes that affect gene expression.

Eukaryotic cells, Cells (Biology), Eukaryotes, Genetic engineering, Introns

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The chloroplast genome: an essential intruder

Article Abstract:

Chloroplasts are plastids with their own genetic material. A distinct set of genes as well as ribosomes exists in this plant organelle responsible for photosynthesis. Researchers believe that chloroplasts evolved from photosynthetic cyanobacteria in endosymbiosis with other cells. Plastids are passed from parent to offspring in a way different from the Mendelian pattern of inheritance.

Chloroplasts, Genomes, Extrachromosomal DNA

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