VOCs: the new effluent

Article Abstract:

Officials of publicly owned treatment works (POTWS) are shifting their funds and attention to air toxic emissions and controls as a reaction to the EPA's regulations under the Clean Air Act of 1990. EPA's decions are based on their findings regarding the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in POTWS emissions. Although many industries have dealt with VOC control, there has been little technology transfer. However, other options for decreasing VOC emissions through design and operational changes are available to counter this dearth of specific technology.

Air pollution control, Waste management, Air quality management, Volatile organic compounds

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A second life for dredged material

Article Abstract:

Dredged material removed from rivers and waterways are being used in the US to develop salt marshes and to increase water bed levels. A salt marsh has been created by the offshore deposition of the material removed from the Eastern Neck National Wildlife Refuge. The bed of the Kenilworth Marsh, Columbia, has been raised by adding dredged material. The increase in bed level has created a suitable environment for fish, wildlife and aquatic plants. The levee on the demonstration marsh, created in Galveston Bay, is used for nesting by least terns and black swimmers.

Analysis, Observations, Marshes, Dredging

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Landfill-cover conflict

Article Abstract:

The clarification issued by the EPA on its interpretation ofthe Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Rules set forth in Subtitle D of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act is discussed. This deals with the minimum final cover required for a particular solid waste landfill design. Careful study and evaluation of this new ruling is recommended as there may be sites with low rainfall and low hydrogeologic vulnerability for which these rules are adequate, but other sites require stricter standards for the protection of ground water.

Equipment and supplies, Design and construction, Waste disposal equipment, Refuse and refuse disposal, Sanitary landfills

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