Self-efficacy beliefs and change in cognitive performance: MacArthur studies of successful aging

Article Abstract:

Strong baseline instrumental self-efficacy beliefs predict high verbal memory performance among older men in a follow-up study. However, the correlation is absent among older women. Nonverbal memory, abstraction and spatial ability are insignificantly related to either baseline instrumental or interpersonal self-efficacy beliefs. However, instrumental efficacy beliefs is also predictive of better abstraction ability among men. This gender difference indicates that modifiable individual characteristics affect aging process.

Analysis, Cognition in old age, Old age cognition, Self-efficacy (Psychology), Self efficacy, Belief and doubt

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Predictors of cognitive change in older persons: MacArthur studies of successful aging

Article Abstract:

A model for predicting cognitive change in a population of older adults is presented. The model considers cognitive factors such as demographic, physical and psychosocial variables and can accurately predict cognitive change within a 2- to 2.5-year period. An application of the model to a community consisting of 1,192 persons found that cognitive ability was directly influenced by education, strenuous activity, self-efficacy and peak pulmonary expiratory flow rate.

Models, Cognition disorders in old age, Geriatric cognitive disorders, Memory in old age, Old age memory

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Intraindividual variability in perceived control in an older sample: the MacArthur successful aging studies

Article Abstract:

Perceptions of being in control are important for the physical, psychological and cognitive status of the aged and are a sign of successful aging. Control beliefs can be studied in terms of their consistency. Data collected during a seven month period has been analysed and the responses of older people about perceived control show an underlying consistency. Steady perceptions of control are also an indication of mortality status five years later.

Aged, Elderly, Control (Psychology)

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