Learning and path-dependence in the diffusion of innovations: comparative evidence on numerically controlled machine tools

Article Abstract:

Quantitative and qualitative evidences on the diffusion of Numerical Control technology between the United States and Japan from 1960 to 1970 are discussed. The study also evaluates the relationship between micro-behaviors and compound dynamics features of models of path-dependent dynamic processes which explains Japan's leadership in the NCMT world market. Results reveal an NC product development strategy by the US that is anchored within the boundaries of the classes of machine tool users, while Japan roots for low-cost application of machine tools leading to the development of simple open-loop systems.

Metalworking Machinery, Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing, N/C Machine Tools, Learning models (Stochastic processes), Machine tools, Machine-tools, Numerically controlled machine tools, Open systems (Computers), Stochastic models, Numerical control

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Innovation policies within the framework of internationalization

Article Abstract:

National policy-making in the framework of internationalization was assessed by taking into consideration four ideal-typical policy directions. Such four policy directions, which include adaptation to international requirements and international co-operation, are integrated within the context of actual policy-making. It was observed that aside from combining the four policy directions, greater emphasis has to be placed by countries on the fourth direction concerning national specialization or differentiation.

Economics, Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities, Technological innovations, Industrial management

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