Purveyor organizations and the implementation of employee assistance programs

Article Abstract:

Employee assistance programs (EAPs) have diffused rapidly, but few studies have examined the processes of this diffusion, and most of these have focused on the characteristics of the organizations adopting EAPs. This article addresses the "purveyor organizations" that market EAPs to others. The authors hypothesized that the greater the purveyor organization's integration of and managerial control over its subunit for EAP service delivery, the more supportive relationships the purveyor organization has with treatment organizations within its community, and that the higher its level of sociopolitical acceptability, the more successful it will be in encouraging organizations adopting EAPs to implement them fully. Using survey data from 724 occupational program consultants from purveyor organizations, the authors conducted a multivariate analysis. Their findings support the hypotheses that these features of purveyor organizations affect the extent to which EAPs are implemented, with managerial control over the EAP subunit accounting for the most variance. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

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Supervisory attitudes toward impaired workers: a factor analytic study of the Behavioral Index of Troubled Employees (BITE)

Article Abstract:

To address the shortage of instruments related to employee assistance programs (EAPs), the Behavioral Index of Troubled Employees (BITE) was developed. This focuses on one aspect of the supervisor-troubled worker intervention process: supervisors' attitudes toward behaviors of impaired employees. As such, the BITE gathers information on supervisors' opinions of various behaviors associated with troubled workers. In a study of the instrument, the BITE was administered to 237 supervisors from two companies in the automotive industry. The underlying structure and pattern of the supervisors' attitudes was determined through the use of principle components factor analytic and reliability procedures. The results suggest that the BITE comprises four valid, reliable factors: industriousness, resistance, acrimoniousness, and disaffection. The authors discuss the implications of using the BITE in future research, theory testing, and training supervisors about EAP practices. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Labor relations, Supervisors, Problem employees

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Drinking to cope and self-medication: characteristics of jobs in relation to workers' drinking behavior

Article Abstract:

Work characteristics indirectly affect employees' level of alcohol consumption. A study aimed at establishing a relationship between the characteristics of jobs and workers' drinking habits provides evidence that employees' alcohol-related problems often arise from a need to escape from heavy job demands and low levels of extrinsic reward. The study also concludes that jobs requiring physical exertion directly affect workers' alcohol intake.

Psychological aspects, Social aspects, Drinking of alcoholic beverages, Drinking (Alcoholic beverages), Workers, Occupations, Drinking behavior, Escape (Psychology)

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