Receptivity and planned change: community attitudes and deinstitutionalization

Article Abstract:

An expectancy-value model was used to measure and explain receptivity attitudes (i.e., change climate) toward the implementation of deinstitutionalization programs. Questionnaires measuring values, expectancies, and behavioral intentions were mailed to community leaders and to members of community groups believed to be important in setting opinions and making decisions. Responses from 599 persons revealed that (a) the size of a proposed group home affected neither attitudes nor intentions of support, (b) group homes for mental health clients were viewed with less favorable attitudes and intentions than those for the retarded or the elderly, (c) members of various community groups held significantly different attitudes and intentions toward the programs, and (d) attitudes and intentions toward deinstitutionalization were more favorable than toward institutionalization. The application of this approach for assessing the implementation climate for planned change was discussed. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Case studies, Public opinion polls, Public opinion, Institutional care, Group homes, Community psychology

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Relational control in the employment interview

Article Abstract:

This exploratory study compared communication behaviors and patterns in successful and unsuccessful initial recruiting interviews. Subjects were 28 university seniors interviewing for jobs with seven corporate recruiters who held interviews on campus. The interviews were videotaped and subsequently analyzed for applicant and interviewer behavior. Applicant behavior was significantly different when successful interviews were compared with unsuccessful ones. Unsuccessful interviews were approximately two-thirds as long as successful interviews. Successful applicants dominated the conversations more. When interviewers attempted to structure the conversation, unsuccessful applicants tried to structure the conversation in return. Successful applicants intended to be submissive when the interviewer dominated and to dominate when the interviewer was submissive. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Employment interviewing, Employee recruitment

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Thirty years later: attitudes toward the employment of older workers

Article Abstract:

The duplication of a study performed by Kirchner and Dunnette in 1954 indicates that attitudes toward the employment of older workers have not changed significantly over the last thirty years. In general, hourly employees hold more positive attitudes toward older workers than do supervisors. It is also reported that the age of the respondent is a factor among the hourly employees, but does not appear to affect the attitudes held by supervisors.

Psychological aspects, Aged, Employment, Elderly workers, Age discrimination

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