Do self-fulfillling prophecies accumulate, dissipate, or remain stable over time?
Article Abstract:
Author's Abstract, COPYRIGHT 1999, American Psychological Association, Inc. The authors examined whether self-fulfilling prophecies accumulate, dissipate, or remain stable over time by using data from more than 500 6th- through 12th-grade students in public school math classes. The authors used multiple regression analyses to assess the extent to which teacher perceptions predicted students' final math marks and standardized math-test scores from 6th through 12th grade. Control variables included 5 measures of student motivation and 2 measures of previous achievement. The results were consistent with both the dissipation and stability hypotheses. Implications for understanding the extent to which social perception creates social reality and the role of expectations in social problems are discussed.
Publication Name: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Subject: Sociology and social work
ISSN: 0022-3514
Year: 1999
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Accuracy of judgments of sexual orientation from thin slices of behavior
Article Abstract:
Author's Abstract, COPYRIGHT 1999, American Psychological Association, Inc. In this research the authors examined the accuracy of judging sexual orientation on the basis of brief observations or "thin slices" of nonverbal behavior. In Study 1, sexual orientation was judged more accurately than chance, with judgments being more accurate when based on dynamic nonverbal behavior (10-s and 1-s silent video segments) than on static information (a series of 8 still photographs). Gay men and lesbians were more accurate than heterosexuals in judging still photographs and 1-s clips but not in 10-s clips. In Study 2, judgments based on 10-s dynamic figural outline displays containing primarily gestural information were more accurate than chance.
Publication Name: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Subject: Sociology and social work
ISSN: 0022-3514
Year: 1999
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Self-fulfilling prophecies, perceptual biases, and accuracy at the individual and group levels
Article Abstract:
Empirical evidence shows that self-fulfilling prophecies do not exert a strong influence on social reality. A study of ability group moderation for individual students and at the class level revealed that teacher perceptions affect student achievement mainly because those perceptions are accurate. The effects of self-fulfilling prophecies tend to dissipate more than to accumulate over time. Furthermore, self-fulfilling prophecies appear to increase differences between students grouped within high- and low-ability classes.
Publication Name: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
Subject: Sociology and social work
ISSN: 0022-1031
Year: 1998
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