Effects of signaled versus unsignaled delay of reinforcement on choice

Article Abstract:

Models of choice focusing only on conditioned reinforcement may be incomplete. Research with pigeons on their choice of variable intervals for reinforcement alternatives has shown no effect for absolute duration, suggesting the importance of delayed primary effects associated with reinforcement.

Statistical Data Included, Behavior, Pigeons, Classical conditioning, Conditioning (Psychology)

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Two-factor theory has strong empirical evidence of validity

Article Abstract:

This article evaluates a study that examines the relationship between reinforcement, natural stimuli, and avoidance in animals during tasks involving electric shocks. The two-factor theory is well supported by evidence regarding the reinforcing effects of safety signals on conditioned fear responses.

Psychological aspects, Animal behavior, Conditioned response, Conditioned responses, Fear, Avoidance (Psychology)

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Arousal, changeover responses, and preference in concurrent schedules

Article Abstract:

Pigeons were trained on multiple schedules that provided concurrent reinforcement in two components namely a variable-interval (VI) 40-s schedule presented with a VI 20-s schedule and the other a VI 40-s schedule presented with a VI 80-s schedule. The results demonstrate that the preference on probe trials is not a simple reflection of the pattern of changeover behavior established during training.

Analysis, Behaviorism (Psychology), Behaviorism, Behaviourism

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