Push-off mechanics in speed skating with conventional skates and klapskates

Article Abstract:

Push-off mechanics in speed skating is discussed relative to conventional skates and klapskates. The klapskate lets the foot plantar flex at the end of the push-off while the entire blade still glides on the ice. Personal and world records in speed skating went up greatly after its introduction. It was found that a hinge under the ball of the foot enhances the effectiveness of plantar flexion during the final 50 meters of the push-off with klapskates. It also increases the work/stroke and mean power output.

Physiological aspects, Skating, Winter sports, Skaters, Locomotion

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Ice friction in speed skating: can klapskates reduce ice frictional loss?

Article Abstract:

This article compares the loss of ice friction during speed skating while using conventional skates and klapskates. Findings indicate that klapskates, which are designed to allow speed skaters to flex their ankles without removing their blades from the ice, provide only a minor increase in ice friction.

Measurement, Friction, Speed skating

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Dynamics of force and muscle stimulation in human vertical jumping

Article Abstract:

A study of 21 males was conducted to determine the role of force dynamics and muscle stimulation on the ability to make vertical leaps. Subjects performed height squat jumps. Results indicated the rise time of the hip joint was related to the rise time of the reaction force. The gluteus maximus is most important for vertical acceleration but it must be accompanied by increasing joint moments at the hip and knee.

Joints, Muscle strength, Range of motion, Jumping

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