Life after Suzen

Article Abstract:

The European Court of Justice (ECJ) ruling in Suzen v. Zehnacker Gebaudereinigung GmbH Krankenhausservice will dictate a reappraisal of the European Community Business Transfers Directive and the 1981 Transfer of Undertakings Regulation's scope, in particular their application to first- and second-generation contracting-out processes. The decision involved a change in the contractor providing cleaning services at a German school, and the ECJ ruled that the Directive did not apply since there was no transfer of significant business assets or taking over of much of the workforce.

United Kingdom, Laws, regulations and rules, Liability of successor corporations, Corporate succession liability, European Union

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A ferromagnet having no net magnetic movement

Article Abstract:

The ion of the rare-earth element samarium is unusual in that the spin and orbital magnetic moments have almost the same magnitude but are oppositely directed, cancelling each other out. This raises the possibility of producing a paradoxical ferromagnet which shows no net magnetization even though all spins are aligned. The ferromagnetic material based on SmAl2 exhibits this unusual behaviour, with its bulk magnetization vanishing at certain temperatures. Such behaviour could have applications in spin-resolving devices for charged particles.

Research, Ferromagnetic materials, Samarium

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Cutting up the Caspian

Article Abstract:

The conflict over exploiting the Caspian Sea has claimed many lives. The Caspian Sea has the world's largest unexploited energy reserves that could result in a regional war. Other disputes in Chechnya, Nagorno-Karabakh, South Ossetia, Abkhazia, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan make the situation more difficult. However, if an agreement is reached, foreign investment in this region would greatly benefit and contribute to the region's economic development.

International aspects, Political aspects, Power resources, Caspian Sea

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