Circumsporozoite protein is required for development of malaria sporozoites in mosquitoes
Article Abstract:
The circumsporozoite (CS) protein appears to be important for malaria parasites in both the vector and the host. One of the major proteins synthesized by salivary gland sporozoites, it is vital in mosquitoes for the development of sporozoites within oocysts. In the vertebrate host, it promotes sporozoite attachment to hepatocytes. These were gleaned from the creation of Plasmodium berghei lines wherein the single-copy CS gene was disrupted. Similar numbers of oocysts of comparable size were produced by the CS(-) and wild-type parasites in the mosquito midgut. However, in the CS(-) oocysts, sporozoite formation was extremely inhibited.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1997
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Primary production required to sustain global fisheries
Article Abstract:
Estimations of the primary productivity required for sustainable fish catches, based on a mean energy transfer efficiency between trophic levels of 10% suggest that 8% of global aquatic primary production is required to sustain catches. While open ocean systems require only 2% of primary production, fresh water upwelling and shelf systems requirements range from 24 to 34%. Growing concerns for sustainability and biodiversity are justified by these estimations.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1995
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The primary requirements
Article Abstract:
Calculations of primary production required for sustainable global fish harvesting suggest an estimate of 8% of global aquatic primary productivity. However, the calculations suggest only a primary productivity requirement of 2% for open-ocean fisheries and that of 24% to 35% in regions significant for fish production. The growing concerns for sustainability and biodiversity are justified by these estimations.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1995
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