Decreased striatal dopaminergic responsiveness in detoxified cocaine-dependent subjects
Article Abstract:
3The reuptake of dopamine, a neurotransmitter, is blocked by the use of cocaine, but the role of the dopamine system in the effects of cocaine addiction are less well known. Research using positron emission tomography comparing cocaine addicts' response to intravenous methylphenidate, which causes raise synaptic dopamine, is described. A reduced dopamine release in the striatum region of the brain was recorded, and there was increased response in the thalamus region to the methylphenidate.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1997
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Inhibition of monoamine oxidase B in the brains of smokers
Article Abstract:
The brains of smokers contain 40% less monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) than the brains of nonsmokers. The inhibition of MAO B increases the activity of dopamine and reduces the generation of hydrogen peroxide, thereby suppressing the progression of Parkinson's disease. The inhibition of MAO B is a selective effect and is independent of the alterations in the blood flow. The decrease in MAO B combined with nicotine may generate epidemiological effects of smoking.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1996
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Relationship between subjective effects of cocaine and dopamine transporter occupancy
Article Abstract:
Cocaine is thought to work by blocking the dopamine transporter (DAT), although a direct link has not been established in humans. Research using positron emission tomography, determining the levels of DAT occupancy required to produce a 'high', is described. It found that about 47% of the transporters needed to be blocked to have an effect, and justify targeting DAT for medication development to treat cocaine addicts.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1997
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