Direct radiative forcing by anthropogenic airborne mineral aerosols

Article Abstract:

Anthropogenic airborne mineral aerosols cause a direct positive solar and infrared radiative forcing of 20 to 40 W m(sub -2) in arid regions and a negative forcing of -5 to -15 W m(sub -2) over the ocean. The radiative forcing is calculated using optical depths and a one-dimensional radiative transfer code. The forcing near dust sources is comparable to that caused by clouds. Sulphates cause a lesser forcing of -1 to -2 W m(sub -2). Almost 30% of the total land surface is a dust source, and 20-30% of the total atmospheric dust loading and 0.01-0.016 of the global-mean optical depth is anthropogenic in origin.

Human beings, Human-environment interactions

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The influence on climate forcing of mineral aerosols from disturbed soils

Article Abstract:

Dust from disturbed soils contributes to 50% plus or minus 20% of the atmospheric dust which changes the radiative force and influences the climate. A radioactive transfer model embedded in a general circulation model reveals that the dust from disturbed soils reduces the surface radiation and increases atmospheric heating. This produces variations in the hydrological cycle and in regional circulation patterns that result in variations in the dust sources and atmospheric heating.

Observations, Climatology

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The impact of humidity above stratiform clouds on indirect aerosol climate forcing

Article Abstract:

Stratocumulus clouds with a fluid dynamics model that includes detailed treatments of cloud microphysics and radiative transfer are simulated. The simulation indicates that the response of cloud water to suppression of precipitation from increased droplet concentrations is determined by a competition between moistening from decreased surface precipitation and drying from increased entrainment of overlying air.

Science & research, Research, Atmospheric water, Clouds, Clouds (Meteorology), Stratocumulus clouds

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