Electron currents generated by the human phagocyte NADPH oxidase

Article Abstract:

It has been possible to demonstrate electron currents across the plasma membrane of a eukaryotic cell. These currents are generated by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, which generates superoxide through electron transfer from cytosolic NADPH to extracellular oxygen. There is still uncertainty about the exact functions of the NADPH in host defence. It is possible that electron currents play a role in analogous vectorial transport on the phagocyte.

Eukaryotic cells, Cells (Biology), Eukaryotes, Phagocytosis

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Gain control of NMDA-receptor currents by intracellular sodium

Article Abstract:

Na+ influx is essential for basic signals such as action potentials and excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Intracellular Na+ ((Na+)i) concentration increases in neuronal soma and dendrites during high levels of discharge activity or periods of bursting. It is shown that (Na+)i controls NMDA receptor functions. Increased (Na+)i led to increased NMDA-receptor-mediated whole-cell currents and NMDA-receptor single-channel activity.

United States, Observations, Nervous system, Sodium, Sodium (Chemical element), Methyl aspartate, N-methyl-D-aspartate

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Large-scale mapping of ocean surface currents with dual over-the-horizon radars

Article Abstract:

Military high-frequency over-the-horizon radars were used to map surface-current vectors over the Florida Straits. Two 70,000 km2 areas were covered at a resolution of 10 km and 0.1 m s(super -1) even if only around 2% of the radars' potential coverage was used. The technique shows vast potential for mapping energetic features of ocean circulation over large ocean areas.

Methods, Usage, Digital mapping, Ocean currents, Over-the-horizon radar

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