Gaze direction controls response gain in primary visual-cortex neurons

Article Abstract:

Research into the role of the primary visual cortex in the interaction between information about the position of a stimulus on the retinae and information about the location of the eyes in their orbits has used data from 142 neurons in two monkeys trained to fixate a target at three different positions in the frontoparallel plane. Modulations of the amplitude of the neural discharge took place for the three directions of gaze for both disparity and orientation properties. It appears that an eye-position signal is involved in the neural modulation process, at least for cells responding to oriented gratings.

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Excitatory synaptic inputs to spiny stellate cells in cat visual cortex

Article Abstract:

An investigation of single fibre inputs to spiny stellate neurons in slices of cat visual cortex shows the powerful nature of thalamocortical synapses and the exceptionally invariant responses they evoke for central synapses. However, the responses to intracortical inputs are quite strong to be able to provide most of the excitation to simple cells in vivo. These results provide support to the prominent role of recurrent excitatory circuits of cortex in amplification of the initial feedforward thalamic signal. The fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials are evoked through extracellular stimulation.

Analysis, Usage, Synapses, Neural stimulation

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Inhibitory threshold for critical-period activation in primary visual cortex

Article Abstract:

Critical period is the term referring to a cascade of functional and anatomical events in the brain. Within visual cortex machinery bestows a transient sensitivity to brief monocular deprivation. The critical period is not simply an age-dependent maturation process, but is more a series of events, controlled in a use-dependent way. It is suggested that the intrinsic critical period machinery may lay dormant, and it is possible that excitatory and inhibitory circuit elements reach an optimal balance only once, when plasticity may occur.

Plasticity, Critical periods (Biology)

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