Heterodimerization is required for the formation of a functional GABAB receptor

Article Abstract:

GABA is effective in the mammalian central nervous system through ionotropic (GABAA/C) receptors, producing fast synaptic inhibition and metabotropic (GABAB) receptors. The encoding gene of GABAB receptor GABABR1 was cloned. It is retained as an immature glycoprotein on intracellular membranes when expressed in mammalian cells. The complementary DNA encoding of a new GABAB subtype, GABABR2, has been cloned. It is found to form heterodimers with GABABR1 via interactions at the intracellular carboxy-terminal tails.

Neurotransmitters, GABA

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A SMAD ubiquitin ligase targets the BMP pathway and affects embryonic pattern formation

Article Abstract:

TGF-Beta proteins regulate many biological processes such as cell growth, embryonic pattern formation and differentiation. They signal across cell membranes via complexes of transmembrane receptors which in turn activate the SMAD signalling pathway. Smurf1 is a new member of the Hect family E3 ubiquitin ligases, selectively interacting with receptor-regulated SMADs specific for the BMP pathway. In Xenopus laevis, Smurf1 messenger RNA inhibits the transmission of BMP signals, affecting pattern formation.

Transforming growth factors

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