Horizontal endosymbiont transmission in hydrothermal vent tubeworms

Article Abstract:

A model of tubeworm symbiont acquisition and development of the symbiont-housing organ , the trophosome is presented. The data indicate that the bacterial symbionts colonize the developing tube of the settled larvae and enter the host through the skin, a process that continues through the early juvenile stages during which the trophosome is established from mesodermal tissue.

Physiological aspects, Host-bacteria relationships, Tube worms, Tubeworms

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Antero-posterior tissue polarity mesoderm convergent extension to axial patterning

Article Abstract:

The chordamesoderm possesses an intrinsic axial patterning (AP) polarity that is necessary for convergent extension (CE) and determines the direction of tissue elongation is shown. The results shows that the mechanism that establishes AP polarity involves graded activin-like signalling and directly links mesoderm AP patterning to CE.

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Plane talk

Article Abstract:

The three-dimensional body plan ingrained in the egg at or before fertilization in mammals, is questioned. The results force renewed attention on the natural forces that generate the embryo's three-dimensional complexities.

Animal embryo manipulation

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