Metabolic costs of heat solicitation calls in relation to thermal need in embryos of American white pelicans

Article Abstract:

There is a range of evidence to suggest that chilled pelican embryos with body temperatures below natural incubation temperature are in a state of thermal need. In research designed to test for the presence and magnitude of the metabolic costs of vocal heat solicitation calls given by American white pelican embryos at the pipped-egg stage, it was established that the embryo's need for warmth was probably present at all test temperatures, apart from the natural incubation temperature of 37.8 degrees C. This research generally supports the prediction that fitness costs of vocal signalling should rise with need.

Research, Physiological aspects, Sound production by animals, Pelicans, Animal vocalizations

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Abnormal behaviors induced by chemical pollution: A review of the evidence and new challenges

Article Abstract:

An overview of the behaviors in humans and other species affected by 'endocrine-disrupting chemicals' (EDCs) is presented. It is concluded that the chemical pollutants needs to be assessed at ecologically relevant mixtures and concentrations, on different species, at different stages of the life cycle and under natural ecological conditions.

Chemical Manufacturing, Chemical Wastes, Behavior, Environmental aspects, Human beings, Humans, Man, Ecological balance

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