Resistance to cadmium mediated by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis

Article Abstract:

Cadmium, a poisonous element, exerts its toxic effects by stimulating the genetic expression of proteasome, a ubiquitin-reliant proteolysis pathway. Cloning of the gene UBC7 from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrated that mutants lacking ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes are extremely susceptible to cadmium poisoning. The additional finding that the breakdown of abnormal proteins mediates resistance to cadmium suggests that these abnormal proteins cause cadmium to be toxic.

Health aspects, Physiological aspects, Proteolysis, Cadmium, Ubiquitin

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Ubiquitous deja vu

Article Abstract:

Nucleated cells often have to collect food from their own interior to provide nutrients required to keep their vital functions operating. The process, known as autophagy, is also a way that cells can remove obsolete parts such as eged proteins. Mizushima and colleagues have used genetic screens in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to study the mechanism of autophagy, and have discovered a covalent one-to-one complex of two gene products, Apg5 and Apg12.

Observations, Proteins, Cell research, Cytological research

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SUMO-modified PCNA recruits Srs2 to prevent recombination during S phase

Article Abstract:

A genetic analysis was conducted to show that small ubiquitin-related modifier protein (SUMO)-modified proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) functionally cooperates with Srs2, a helicase that blocks recombinational repair by disrupting Rad51 nucleoprotein filament. The findings suggest a model in which SUMO-modifies PCNA recruits Srs2 in S phase in order to prevent unwanted recombination events of replicating chromosomes.

United States, Science & research, DNA damage, Genetic research

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