Signal relay by BMP antagonism controls the SHH/FGF4 feedback loop in vertebrate limb buds

Article Abstract:

The secreted bone-morphogenetic-protein (BMP) antagonist Gremlin, is shown to relay the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signal from the polarizing area to the apical ectodermal ridge (AER). Mesenchymal Gremlin expression is lost in limb buds of mouse embryos homozygous for the limb deformity mutation. If Gremlin-expressing cells are grafted into ld mutant limb buds, Fgf4 expression is rescued and the SHH/FGF4 feedback loop is restored.

Fibroblast growth factors

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Dorsalizing signal Wnt-7a required for normal polarity of D-V and A-P axes of mouse limb

Article Abstract:

The study of the formation of vertebrate limbs reveals that the normal limb development requires the interaction between the signalling system of the axes. The signalling is performed by signalling molecules which mediate the patterning activities. The ectodermally derived signals control the Dorso-ventral identity and facilitate the formation of suitable limb structures.

Growth, Vertebrates

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Wnt signalling required for expansion of neural crest and CNS progenitors

Article Abstract:

The absence of both Wnt-1 and Wnt-3a genes is shown to lead to a marked deficiency in neural crest derivatives originating from the dorsal neural tube. The results are consistent with a model whereby local Wnt signalling controls the expansion of dorsal neural precursors. This could represent a model for Wnt signalling in the developing central nervous system.

Observations, Central nervous system, Gene expression

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