Silencing of TGF-beta signalling by the pseudoreceptor BAMBI

Article Abstract:

It has been possible to clone a transmembrane protein, BAMBI, which is connected to transforming growth factor-beta type I receptors but does not have an intracellular kinase domain. It was found that BAMBI is co-expressed with the ventralizing morphogen BMP4 during Xenopus enbryogenesis and that it needs BMP signalling for its expression. Signalling by BAMBI could be relevant for restricting the signalling range of BMPs and activins, which are believed to function as morphogens during early embryogenesis.

Research, Protein metabolism

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Head induction by simultaneous repression of Bmp and Wnt signalling in Xenopus

Article Abstract:

The induction of complete secondary axes, including a head, results from co-expression of a dominant-negative Bmp receptor with inhibitors of the Wnt-signalling in Xenopus. It seems that complete axis induction by repression of Bmp and Wnt signalling takes place by directly prompting head-organizer activity without involving a pathway needing sia expression. Wnt and Bmp signalling are needed for trunk-tail patterning. The organizer produces secreted factors that inhibit both.

Physiological aspects, Xenopus

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Dickkopf-1 is a member of a new family of secreted proteins and functions in head induction

Article Abstract:

Dickkopf-1 (dkk-1), which belongs to a new gene family that encodes secreted proteins, is expressed in the head organizer in amphibian embryos. It has been identified as a growth-factor agonist of the Spemann organizer and is needed for head formation. Dkk-1 is also a strong Wnt agonist. It anteriorizes embryos and induces complete secondary axes with heads in cooperation with bone morphogenetic protein antagonists.

Genetic aspects, Amphibians

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