The G-protein nanomachine

Article Abstract:

GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) are employed by cell-surface receptors to start intracellular signalling chain reactions that influence cell behavior. Comprised of the subunits alpha, beta and gamma, these proteins rank among the most important miniature or nano machines that can be found in nature. Research conducted by protein biochemists and crystallographers from Yale University, the University of Illinois-Chicago and the University of Texas provides new insights into the crystal structure of the G-protein heterotrimer G(sub alpha-beta-gamma) and of the beta-gamma dimer G(sub beta gamma).

Analysis, G proteins

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Replenishing the stores

Article Abstract:

The isolation and identification of the calcium-influx factor (CIF), a possible messenger in the regulation of the entry of calcium ions into the cells, is being analyzed by the cloning of the human homologue of the Drosophila gene trp. A direct link between the receptor for InsP3 and a putative surface Ca2+ channel or the release of a diffusible second messenger from the endoplasmic reticulum gates, a calcium ion channel at the plasma membrane, are the two hypotheses for the study of how the emptied endoplasmic reticulum stores open the plasma membrane Ca2+ floodgates.

Research, Biological transport, Calcium in the body, Calcium (Nutrient)

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The mitochondrial calcium uniporter is a highly selective ion channel

Article Abstract:

The process of intracellular Ca2+ is discussed. Also, the control it has on energy production is illustrated.

Physiological aspects, Calcium ions, Membrane proteins, Mitochondria

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