The calmodulin pathway and evolution of elongated beak morphology in Darwin's finches

Article Abstract:

Complementary DNA microarrays are used to compare gene transcripts expressed in the gene primordia in order to identify pathways involved in the evolution of long beaks in Darwin's finches. It is found that calmodulin (CaM), a molecule involved in mediating [Ca.sup.2) signaling, exhibits a higher level of expression in the long and pointed beaks of the finches than the beak types of other species, indicating a CaM-dependent pathway in the developmental regulation of craniofacial skeletal structures of Darwin's finches.

Physiological aspects, Genetic aspects, Calmodulin, Darwin's finches

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Microarray analysis shows that some micro RNAs downregulate large numbers of target mRNAs

Article Abstract:

The effect of microRnAs (miRNAs) on transcript levels is studied and so the miRNAs are transferred into human cells and with the help of microarrays the modifications in messenger RNA summary are identified. The outcome shows that metazoan miRNAs are capable of reducing the intensity of their important transcripts in addition to reducing the protein derived from the various transcripts.

Observations, Messenger RNA

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