Threats from debris avalanches

Article Abstract:

Research at Alaska's Mount St Augustine volcano has confirmed the potential of debris avalanches to spread ejected material over large areas. Observations of eruptions at Mount St Helens in Washington State and the Nevado Colima volcano in Mexico suggested the ability of such avalanches to blanket many square kilometers. Similarly, debris deposits surrounding Mount St Augustine show that many such avalanches occurred there in the past. The growing number of people living near volcanoes such as Mount St Augustine warrants further research into these destructive landslides.

Cover Story, Landslides, Augustine Volcano

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Lessons in reducing volcano risk

Article Abstract:

Volcanology has grown swiftly both as a science and in public perception since 1980. Scientists cannot reliably predict eruptions, but they are beginning to work with local authorities to make plans that minimize volcanic hazards and damage. In Hawaii a lava-flow hazard-zone map has drawn much attention, though the greatest dangers to human life, causing 85% of all deaths this century, come from explosive eruptions causing pyroclastic flows and mudflows.

Planning, Evaluation, Column, Volcanism, Volcanic activity prediction

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Big lessons from little droplets

Article Abstract:

The geochemical structure of the Hawaiian mantle plume is discussed. A concentrically zoned and vertically continuous plume, a bilateral bundle of filaments and a partly ordered structure with average geochemical properties of volcanoes are the three plume structures present below the two alignments, Kea and Loa, of Hawaiian volcanoes.

Science & research, Hawaii, Plumes (Fluid dynamics)

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