Multiple sclerosis: a coordinated immunological attack against myelin in the central nervous system
Article Abstract:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is caused by a bacterial agent that triggers a T cell to activate the immune system to destroy the myelin sheath. Analysis of the immune response in MS subjects has shown that the anti-myelin T cells are activated by invading bacteria. Subsequent reactions will then lead to lymphocyte penetration of the myelin sheath by utilizing the matrix metalloproteases enzyme. This enzyme is found in all MS patients and the inhibition of its activity in animals reverses the disease. The prevention of myelin damage by the immune system is a promising cure for MS.
Publication Name: Cell
Subject: Biological sciences
ISSN: 0092-8674
Year: 1996
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A central role for microvillous receptor presentation in leukocyte adhesion under flow
Article Abstract:
The initiation of leukocytes adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs) during flow depends on the topography of the adhesion molecules. Adhesion of leukocytes to ECs is favored by clustering on the microvilli. The ectodomains can be targeted to the microvilli by linking them to TM-IC domains of L-selectin and away from the microvilli using CD44, an adhesion protein. The distribution of L-selectin and CD44 does not depend on the location of extracellular domains. The adhesion of leukocytes to ECs is necessary for the body's immune reaction.
Publication Name: Cell
Subject: Biological sciences
ISSN: 0092-8674
Year: 1995
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A putative leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase involved in brassinosteroid signal transduction
Article Abstract:
Brassinosteroids are growth-promoting regulators with a wide distribution throughout the plant kingdom. 18 Arabidopsis dwarf mutants unable to respond to exogenously added brassinosteroid, were identified. Each defined alleles of a single previously described gene, BRI1. This was cloned and its expression pattern was examined. It was found to encode a ubiquitously expressed putative receptor kinase.
Publication Name: Cell
Subject: Biological sciences
ISSN: 0092-8674
Year: 1997
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