UNCED, environmentalism and beyond

Article Abstract:

The UN Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, made environmental protection a major agenda among developed and developing nations alike. However, governments fail to realize that industry alone cannot tackle the massive task of keeping the environment clean. Government must initiate and enforce sound environmental policies and regulations that stimulate industrial innovation. The use of economic incentives may complement or be an alternative to regulation.

Author: Cairncross, Frances
Environmental aspects, Technological innovations, Industrial development, Industrialization

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Promoting local initiatives; the work of the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives

Article Abstract:

ICLEI has been set up as an international body to advise local authorities on environmental issues. It aims to be an information broker, and a database is being set up. ICLEI's activities in 1993 included an environmental budgeting project for the EC and ways of reducing carbon dioxide emissions. They were active at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio. They are aiming to produce a manual on environmental protection for eastern and central Europe.

Author: Bell, Graeme

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Local government review

Article Abstract:

The UK government proposed to alter the structure of local government in the 1990's and asked for opinion from relevant authorities. The Royal Town Planning Institute (RTPI) wanted to see the present two-tier system disbanded. They proposed it be replaced with larger authorities. The RTPI felt that district councils were too small to be effective in planning matters, and the county authorities are too large.

Local government, Powers and duties

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Subjects list: International aspects, Environmental policy
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