The turnover of teachers: a competing risks explanation

Article Abstract:

The decision by teachers to leave the profession is analyzed using a dependent competing risks framework. The derived econometric model permits the flexible, semiparametric specification of the duration-dependence framework coupled with the unobserved heterogeneity distribution in each of the exit-specific hazard function. The findings affirm the value of salaries and opportunity wages in the turnover decision by teachers and provides an insight in differentiating between exit types and multiple destinations.

Schools & educational services, not elsewhere classified, All Other Miscellaneous Schools and Instruction, Education Services NEC, Economic aspects, Educational services industry, Teachers, Education, Educators

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Competing compatibility standards and network externalities in the PC software market

Article Abstract:

Software with spreadsheet and database management applications were evaluated to establish customer preference for file compatibility standards and to evaluate complementary network externalities. Cross-sectional and time-series data were considered in terms of the DIF, DBF, LOTUS and SYLK standards. LOTUS compatibility standards showed significant application in both software types.

Prepackaged software, Computer Software, Software Publishers, Standards, Computer software industry, Software industry, Software, Compatibility (Computers), Compatible software

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Externalities and benefits

Article Abstract:

Issues concerning the characteristics of the theory of consumer externalities as seen from the point of view of benefits are discussed. Particular attention is given to the function of social benefit and to analyses of competitive behavior.

Research, Competition (Economics), Externalities (Economics)

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