Corruption in China: has it become systemic?
Article Abstract:
The present relationship-based trade in China is deemed to effect a system-wide corruption. The allocation of credit is ineffective due to leaders' weak management of their intermediaries, which results to a dramatic increase in business costs. These intermediaries are mostly politicians who also double as private businessmen. The fragmentation of ties among officeholders also threatens the shift to a market economy. This can eventually lead to a systematic transition of the corruption into a bureaucratic capitalism of intermediary form.
Publication Name: Asian Survey
Subject: Regional focus/area studies
ISSN: 0004-4687
Year: 1996
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China's 1994 fiscal reform: an initial assessment
Article Abstract:
China introduced fiscal reforms in 1994 to arrest its declining government earnings. The government realized that a new tax-assignment system must be applied on an institutional basis. At the outset, the system augmented the ratio of government income to gross domestic product and the ratio of central to general government revenue. However, a nationwide tax inspection shows that cases of evasion, illegal exemption and extrabudgetary funds continue to impede the growth of the country's tax returns.
Publication Name: Asian Survey
Subject: Regional focus/area studies
ISSN: 0004-4687
Year: 1997
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China and Tumen River cooperation; Jilin's coastal development strategy
Article Abstract:
Development prospects in Jilin province have increased with the continued progress of the Tumen River economic project. A landlocked area, Jilin encountered slow growth, and most industries bypassed the area. The Tumen cooperation project, which started in 1988, has increased growth in the Jilin region and attracted investment from various countries. The project also encountered difficulties, including border problems with North Korea that have prevented investment growth.
Publication Name: Asian Survey
Subject: Regional focus/area studies
ISSN: 0004-4687
Year: 1996
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