Calcium ions as extracellular messengers

Article Abstract:

The extracellular ionized Ca2+ ((Ca2+)o) functions as a first messenger in many cellular processes, such as blood clotting. The concentration of (Ca2+)o in blood is constant while that in cavities in contact with the external environment shows large fluctuations. The ion-sensing receptor (CaR) is present in the parathyroid, kidney, intestine and lungs. It is capable of sensing minute changes in the (Ca2+)o concentration. Mutations in CaR cause heritable diseases, such as hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism.

Physiological aspects, Observations, Calcium ions, Calcium in the body, Calcium (Nutrient)

---

Roles of calcium ions in hyphal tip growth

Article Abstract:

The rate of tip growth and the morphology of fungal hyphae are influenced by Ca2+ ionophores, inhibitors of Ca2+ transport, calmodulin, Ca2+ binding dyes variations in extracellular Ca2+ concentration and the introduction of buffers in the cytoplasm. The intermediary for these agents is the tip-high gradient of cytoplasmic free Ca2+ present in the growing tips. This is responsible for the establishment and maintenance of apical organization, the regulation of hyphad morphogenesis through control of apical growth.

Fungi, Botany, Morphogenesis, Plant morphology

---

Roles of calcium gradients in hyphal tip growth: A mathematical model

Article Abstract:

Tip-growing cells may have cytoplasmic gradients of Ca(super+) linked to polarized growth. A tip-high Ca(super2+) gradient has been seen in growing fungal hyphae, although its role is unknown. Evidence for functions of a Ca(super2+) gradient is provided using a mathematical model. It is shown that Ca(super2+) may be responsible for apical accumulation of vesicles and an increase in cytogel osmotic pressure.

Usage, Mathematical models, Cytoskeleton, Calcium, Calcium (Chemical element)

Similar abstracts:

• Abstracts: Nucleocytoplasmic transport of macromolecules. Transport into and out of the nucleus. Higher levels of organization in the interphase nucleus of cycling and differentiated cells
• Abstracts: Formation and maturation of the calcium release apparatus in developing and adult avian myocardium. Laminin variants and integrin laminin receptors in developing and adult human smooth muscle
• Abstracts: The genetics of cellular senescence. Crystal structure of SV40 large T-antigen bound to p53: interplay between a viral oncoprotein and a cellular tumor suppressor
• Abstracts: Role of macrophages in peripheral nerve degeneration and repair. Development of myelin Mosaicism in the optic nerve of heterozygotes of the X-linked myelin-deficient (md) rat mutant
• Abstracts: Carrier detection of deletions in female relatives of X-linked disorders by non-isotopic in situ hybridisation

This website is not affiliated with document authors or copyright owners. This page is provided for informational purposes only. Unintentional errors are possible.