The evolutionary genetics of ageing and longevity

Article Abstract:

Evolutionary genetics of aging and longevity are discussed, based on the observation that efficacy of natural selection decreases with age because even without aging, individuals will die of various environmental causes. Aging seems to have evolved as a result of optimizing fitness early in life, as the progressive accumulation of mutations with effects late in life will reinforce the result, so longevity of a species is determined by the degree of environmental mortality coming from its ecology. Data on Drosophila melanogaster showing leveling of mortality curves and of age-specific mutations in mutation accumulation lines are given.

Aging, Statistical Data Included, Mortality, Evolution (Biology), Evolution, Longevity

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Cellular basis and developmental timing in a size cline of Drosophila melanogaster

Article Abstract:

Australian Drosophila melanogaster populations have exhibited a cline in development time, as rapid larval development is experienced at higher latitudes. Tests were conducted to establish a latitudinal relationship between such rapid development and large adult body size. Laboratory culture experiments indicated genetic cline in thorax length and wing area, which increased with higher latitude.

Environmental aspects, Clines

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Cellular basis of wing size variation in Drosophila melanogaster: a comparison of latitudinal clines on two continents

Article Abstract:

Wing size variation in Drosophila melanogaster and its cellular basis have been studied using a two-continent comparison of latitudinal clines. Wing area and cell size were studied. The contribution of cell size to an Australian cline is much less than to a South American cline.

Australia, South America, Physiological aspects, Cells (Biology), Cells, Wings (Animal), Animal wings, Biogeomorphology

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