The origin and early evolution of birds

Article Abstract:

Birds are evolved from the theropod dinosaurs and the first known member is the Late Jurassic Archaeopteryx. Bird flight is widely believe to have evolved from the trees down, although Archaeopteryx did not exhibit arboreal or tree-climbing characters. Many of the so called avian characteristics evolved in non-avian theropods. Many Mesozoic bird groups have no Tertiary records, and it is not until the Paleocene or Eocene that most of the extant bird Orders are known in fossil record.

History, Observations, Evolution (Biology), Evolution, Birds, Animal flight

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The origin of human pathogens: Evaluating the role of agriculture and domestic animals in the evolution of human disease

Article Abstract:

The relationship between pathogens in humans and domestic animals and importance of agriculture in disease transmission is determined. The development of agriculture is postulated to have a complex effect on the emergence of human pathogens by changing the transmission ecology of pre-existing human pathogens, increasing the success of pre-existing pathogen vectors and providing a stable conduit for human infection by wildlife diseases by means of domesticated animals.

Environmental aspects, Disease transmission, Pathogenic microorganisms, Wildlife diseases

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