Signaling - 2000 and beyond

Article Abstract:

Signal transduction in cells is discussed from the perspective of history and advancements in the second half of the twentieth century. Topics include G protein-coupled receptors, transmembrane signaling by phosphorylation, transcriptional regulation by surface receptors via transcytoplasmic signaling, MAP kinase pathways, nuclear receptors, phospholipid- and ion-based signaling, new second messengers, modular protein interaction domains, and phosphorylation-dependent protein-protein interaction. Protein phosphorylation will be paid the most attention in the future given its role in intracellular signaling.

Physiological aspects, Proteins, Cellular control mechanisms, Cell regulation, Cell receptors

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Twisted perspective: New insights into extracellular modulation of BMP signaling during development

Article Abstract:

Recently developed insights into developmental extracellular modulation of BMP signaling are discussed in this minireview article. Recent studies have spotlighted the importance of extracellular modulation of ligand availability. This is a way of regulating cell fate specification that has been underappreciated. Clearly Tsg can act as a BMP antagonist, but the extent of activities that Tsg has in development of an organism still must be clarified.

Extracellular matrix

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Protein kinases and phosphatases: the Yin and Yang of protein phosphorylation and signaling

Article Abstract:

Protein kinases (PK) and protein phosphatases (PP) regulate the degree of protein phosphorylation, which is vital for several signal transduction pathways in eukaryotes. Signals produced during mitogenesis by protein tyrosine kinases are reduced by protein tyrosine phosphatases. An appropriate balance of PK and PP functions is essential for receptor-mediated signaling pathways and control of cell cycle. Protein phosphorylation is also involved in the negative feedback mechanism of signal dampening and desensitization.

Analysis, Phosphatases

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