Virus maturation by budding

Article Abstract:

The mechanisms involved in enveloped virus budding were discussed in terms of the proteins included in budding, the type of protein-protein interactions and the manner by which these interactions influenced budding. Envelope viruses have membranes enclosing the nucleocapsid and the membrane is acquired at the budding stage. Intermolecular interactions involved in budding were lateral interactions between core, membrane and matrix proteins and interactions between the lipid layer and these proteins. The budding terminated upon the pinching off of the virus particle from the membrane.

Developmental biology, Microorganisms, Protein binding, Viral envelopes

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Cyanobacterial two-component proteins: Structure, diversity, distribution, and evolution

Article Abstract:

A survey of the characterized and potential two-component protein sequences that exist in the nine complete and seven partially annotated cyanobacterial genome sequences demonstrated that the cyanobacterial possess a larger repertoire of such proteins than other bacteria. The number of two-component proteins is related to genome size and to the variety of physiological properties and ecophysiologies of the different strains.

Genetic aspects, Cyanobacteria, Bacterial genetics, Histidine, Structure, Chemical properties

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Transition between stochastic evolution and deterministic evolution in the presence of selection: general theory and application to virology

Article Abstract:

This review discusses evolution as applied to viruses' mutation rate, selection coefficient, and population genetics. The discussion elaborates on the mathematical and statistical models to elucidate viral and organismal evolutionary paths in terms of multilocus evolution and phylogenetic analysis.

New Zealand, Models, Stochastic analysis, Viruses, Evolution (Biology), Mutation (Biology), Mutation

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