Beating time

Article Abstract:

Herbet von Karajan was a musical conductor who became known as Europe's musical director. He joined the Nazi party during the 1930s as a way of advancing in his career, rather than because he was committed to the party. He learnt his trade in opera houses in the provinces, and went on to hold key posts in London, England, Milan, Italy, Salzburg and Vienna, Austria, and Berlin, Germany, all at the same time. Record companies were able to use his image on record covers, and he was helped by the development of stereo.

Karajan, Herbert von

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Still ch-changing

Article Abstract:

David Bowie has long developed a musical career, and has been able to continue when many contemporaries have faded away. He was a pioneer with interactive concerts, and is setting up a creative empire to include a wide range of arts activities. His website helps to retain his base of consumers. He is an innovative musician, and this has helped give him drive, yet Bowie has had to pay the price that his offerings have not always been commercially successful.

Bowie, David

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Reminiscing in tempo

Article Abstract:

Duke Ellington was a composer and band leader whose work could not easily be classified. He initially became famous in the late 1920s. Ellington was attacked for changing his musical direction by people who claimed that he should follow a particular path in order to portray African Americans, an exhortation that he did not accept. He refused to confine himself to a particular category, and saw his music as reflecting a rich experience of African Americans.

United States, Ellington, Duke

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