Water in the ground
Article Abstract:
It is important to measure water pressures accurately during a ground investigation and take into account possible variations during the design life of a building. Special measuring devices, piezometers, are usually required to measure ground water pressures accurately, and although there is extra capital cost involved in installation, this is small compared to borehole excavation costs. Piling may be susceptible to groundwater problems, and bored piling systems can be used together with temporary casings. It is important to maintain a dry ground formation, as a wet formation can result in inadequate resistance to sliding. Geotechnical design should also consider the factors causing water levels, and potential long-term changes.
Publication Name: Architects' Journal
Subject: Business, international
ISSN: 0003-8466
Year: 1999
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Holding back the earth
Article Abstract:
Gravity retaining walls function by using their own mass to hold back the forces exerted by the retained ground. They can be of a range of types, each of which has its own features. The choice will depend upon local conditions, including stability of the slope behind the wall and of any structures. One type, the crib wall, is permeable and components can be placed by hand, but fire precautions dictate that it cannot often be used near roads. Another type, the precast concrete modular wall, needs access for cranes. Specifiers should take care concerning procurement of gravity retaining walls.
Publication Name: Architects' Journal
Subject: Business, international
ISSN: 0003-8466
Year: 1998
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Beneath the sod
Article Abstract:
Up to 25% of UK construction delays are caused by ground conditions which were unforeseen. Inadequately funded site investigations often lead to a lack of information on which to determine potential ground problems. Small scale sample testing also accounts for a large number of unforeseen ground problems. A site investigation should start with a desk study which covers areas such as geology, topography and the history of the site. Information from the desk study should be assessed by an experienced geotechnician who will be able to identify any problems.
Publication Name: Architects' Journal
Subject: Business, international
ISSN: 0003-8466
Year: 1998
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