Enzymology and molecular biology of aflatoxin biosynthesis

Article Abstract:

Aflatoxin Bsub1 is produced by Aspergillus parasiticus, A. flavus and A. nominus, and its mutagenic and carcinogenic effects in humans and other vertebrates have been extensively studied. Biosynthesis of aflatoxins is lengthy and complex, and is distinguished by diverse oxidative rearrangement processes. An intact incorporation of hexanoic acid provided a significant early insight into the first stages of precursor assembly in aflatoxin biosynthesis.

Molecular biology, Aflatoxins

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Anthracycline biosynthesis in Streptomyces galilaeus

Article Abstract:

Anthracycline antibiotics are anthracyclinone glycosides with a basic structure of 7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-5,12-naphthacenequinone. Molecular genetics has allowed the analysis of the genes responsible for anthracycline biosynthesis, in particularly the production of hybrid compounds through the introduction of genes into heterologous hosts. An historical overview of the biosynthesis of the anthracycline antibiotics in Streptomyces galilaeus is provided.

Streptomyces

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Biosynthetic studies of Daunorubicin and Tetracenomycin C

Article Abstract:

The chemistry of anthracycline antibiotics was not investigated until the 1950s and 1960s. They are defined by the presence of a four fused-ring aromatic system which is notable because of the antitumor drugs, daunorubicin and doxorubicin. Early biosynthetic studies of daunorubicin an tetracenomycin C are reviewed.

Daunorubicin

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