The chemistry of gibberellins: an overview

Article Abstract:

The value of gibberellins (GAs) in plant research prompted scientists to undertake different studies to determine the biosynthetic routes involved in their formation. C and H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies were used in conjunction with mass spectrometry to identify the chemical structures of the 86 naturally occurring GAs. Additional studies gave the various reactions that occurred in the A-ring, C/D-ring and B-ring regions of the GA structure. Furthermore, conversions of the two GA forms and their intermediates were studied to provide data for the development of methods leading to the total syntheses of GAs.

Usage, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Mass spectrometry

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Near-infrared absorbing dyes

Article Abstract:

The progress in photorecording, thermal writing, laser printing, infrared photography and phototherapy is still a function of developments in near- infrared (NIR) dyes. Basic acyclic NIR dyes such as polymethines and cyclic one like annulenes, phorphyrins and tetraazaporphins can be derivatized to suit the particular needs of a photochemical application. Probing research on the chemistry of these dyes has allowed the use of even semiempirical techniques to design chromophores that are highly wavelength-specific.

Infrared photography, Infrared technology

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Cyanines during the 1990s: a review

Article Abstract:

A review of work on cyanines and merocyanines undertaken during the 1990s is presented. Attention is given to issues including photoisomerization, self-organization and solvatochromic behaviour.

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