Trade disputes and non-state actors: new institutional arrangements and the privatisation of commercial diplomacy

Article Abstract:

A study examining institutional arrangements that permit private groups such as industry associations and firms to legally request for the initiation of trade disputes, propose to the World Trade Organization for multitrade negotiations as well as conduct negotiations on proposals for regulatory reform outside for state-to-state channels, is presented.

United States, Business Associations, Trade Associations, Negotiation, mediation and arbitration, World Trade Organization, Trade and professional associations, Industry association information, Trade disputes

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The Balassa-Samuelson Hypothesis in Estonia: Oil Shale, Tradable Goods, Regulated Prices and Other Culprits

Article Abstract:

Definition of the tradability of goods, data disaggregation, possible heterogeneity for transition nations, and price regulation in services are examined in relation to Estonian trade and natural resources. Findings indicate that productivity correlates strongly to relative prices only under specific conditions; these are elaborated.

Estonia, Pricing Policy, Models, Economic aspects, International aspects, Pricing, International trade, Industrial productivity, Product price, Productivity

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AIDS Policy and Pharmaceutical Patents: Brazil's Strategy to Safeguard Public Health

Article Abstract:

The article identifies the factors behind the success of Brazil's AIDs policy, focusing on the nation's strategy in relation to the global pharmaceutical industry. Expansion of Brazil's policy to developing countries is explored.

Pharmaceutical preparations, Brazil, Pharmaceutical industry, Medical policy, Health policy, AIDS education

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