International ecotourism and the valuation of tropical rainforests in Costa Rica

Article Abstract:

Ecotourism is amongst the many values of the tropical rainforests of Costa Rica. Its protected biological reserves, such as the Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, are immensely popular with foreign tourists and in particular with those from the US. The travel cost model effectively evaluated that visiting US ecotourists placed a value of 1150 dollar per visit to Costa Rican rain forests. The demand for the protected sites, on the basis of the value attributed to them by the tourists, can then decide international and domestic funding for the preservation of the reserves.

Analysis, Travel industry, Costa Rica, Natural resources, Environmental economics

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Hiker, horse and llama trampling effects on native vegetation in Montana, USA

Article Abstract:

Field methods of a modified version of the standard experimental trampling protocols were used to evaluate the effects of hikers, horses and llamas on two vegetation types in the Lolo National Forest in Missoula, MT. The vegetation types were chosen based on three criteria: they are common in the northern Rocky Mountains, they are different in their response to trampling and they are extremely resistant to trampling disturbance. The results of the study and their implications for park and wilderness programs are discussed.

Montana, Horses, Hiking, Forest reserves, Llamas, Llama

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Trampling resistance of tropical rainforest soils and vegetation in the wet tropics of north east Australia

Article Abstract:

An experiment is conducted to investigate the trampling resistance of tropical rainforest soils and vegetation through the application of controlled trampling in order to assess the relationships between impacts and trampling intensity in tropical rainforests. It is found out that low levels of trampling, particularly on basalt rocks, may occur due to physical and hydrological changes in the tropical rainforest soils.

Australia, Vegetation management

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