A slice of the U.S. manure pile

Article Abstract:

Livestock manure produced in the US was estimated to be over 1.4 billion tons a year. In southeastern Pennsylvania, there was a surplus of manure in small farms in 1989. In the larger areas, there was a demand for it as a substitute for fertilizer if the price was reasonable. A subsequent survey indicated that there was a marketing opportunity for surplus manure. Forty nine percent of the farmers signified their intention to pay for it while 39% wanted it for free. Agricultural Extension Agent Leon Ressler thinks that there would be better marketability for manure if it is done on a regional basis.

Marketing, Waste management, Manures, Pennsylvania, Organic wastes, Organic fertilizers, Organic wastes as fertilizer

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Manure handling alternatives cut costs

Article Abstract:

Composting reduces the nitrate and odor problems of manures and is a practical way of storing manure. Manure is allowed to set in lagoons for two or three years in the composting system, and then is gathered and spread out on fields. This system of piling manure in a place cuts down the cost of hauling, and the compost's marketability makes composting profitable. In composting, nutrients are released into the soil slowly. Small and large farms depend on composting, as the quality of manure is refined and it reduces the volume of manure that needs to be hauled.

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Zebra mussels enter the compost pile

Article Abstract:

Zebra mussels are multiplying at an alarming rate in the Great Lakes. This causes a lot of problems such as damage to oyster beds, excessive algae growth and clogged intake pipes of city water systems and power generating plants. To solve this problem, the composting of Zebra mussels is now being tested. Eventually, the cost of clearing intake screens and disposing of these shellfishes can be avoided with this alternative. To be able to maintain a consistent disposal system, pre-composted and composted samples are to be analyzed periodically.

Research, Environmental aspects, Control, Great Lakes (North America), Zebra mussels, Zebra mussel

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