Emerson's "Transparent Eye Ball" and James's "Glass Eye": practical transcendence

Article Abstract:

Ralph Waldo Emerson's transcendental philosophy and William James' psychology of epistemology are critiqued. Emerson depicts transcendence as the deautomatization of visual perception, or a complete involvement with sensation that perceptive relations melt away. James explains this transcendence by attempting to formulate a psychology of vision. James' psychological model entails inattentive or scattered viewing by which the individual transcends this reality into the world of pure experience.

Analysis, Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Transcendentalism (New England), American transcendentalism, Emerson, Ralph Waldo, James, William (American psychologist)

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Eating together: the sexual politics of the school lunchroom, 1890-1920

Article Abstract:

The school lunch movement, begun in the 1890s, became the object of concern as boys and girls eating together was associated with sexuality. Educational theorists, psychologists, and anthropologists of the time noted how separating food and sex from the metaphor of male power could reframe sexuality outside submission and dominance.

Sex, Social aspects, Services, History, Public schools, Critical Essay, National school lunch program

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Sexual purity, white men, and slavery: Emerson and the self-reliant body

Article Abstract:

An analysis is presented on the 19th-century theory linking white male masturbation to African American slavery, the assumption being that both were the result of passion prevailing over reason. The theory posited that white males turned themselves into slaves by giving in to their base desires.

Psychological aspects, Political aspects, Slavery, Sex (Psychology), Sexuality, White men, Masturbation

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