Correlation of head-to-body delivery intervals in shoulder dystocia and umbilical artery acidosis

Article Abstract:

There appears to be no link between shoulder dystocia and fetal acidosis, a condition in which the blood of the fetus is too acidic. Shoulder dystocia is a difficult delivery that occurs when the fetus gets stuck in the birth canal.

Health aspects

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Episiotomy versus fetal manipulation in managing severe shoulder dystocia: A comparison of outcomes

Article Abstract:

Maternal and neonatal outcomes are compared between severe shoulder dystocia deliveries managed with episiotomy versus fetal manipulation. Concluding that, although episiotomy may be needed to facilitate fetal manipulation for the management of severe shoulder dystocia, the addition of episiotomy does not otherwise confer any increased benefit over performance of fetal manipulation alone.

Comparative analysis, Episiotomy, Fetal macrosomia

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The etiology of fetal acidosis as determined by umbilical cord acid-base studies

Article Abstract:

Fetal blood gas measurements may be helpful in distinguishing fetuses with cord prolapse from those with abruptio placentae. Blood gas measurements from the umbilical cord veins and arteries of 19 infants born with cord prolapse were compared with 32 infants born with abruptio placentae. Differential pH and oxygen saturation values were calculated by subtracting arterial values from venous values. Patients with cord prolapse had pH differences of more than 0.15 and oxygen saturation values of more than 24%.

Measurement, Fetal blood, Blood gases

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