Lessons in control

Article Abstract:

A national study was carried out on the age at which Down's syndrome children achieved bowel and bladder control. Five thousand questionnaires were sent and 198 replies received. Most girls had bowel control during the daytime by the age of two years, and boys by three. Some were age nine. Seventeen girls and 20 boys soiled at night between the ages of three and five and 11 boys continued to soil between the ages of six and eight. Only one respondent had had help from a continence adviser although most had been helped by portage workers. Many parents thought toilet training was a problem.

Surveys, Bowel and bladder training, Bladder training, Bowel training

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Fast-track toilet training

Article Abstract:

Toilet training programmes should be made available to all children with special learning needs, irrespective of apparent inability to learn. Attention should focus on the child's physical readiness for toilet training, as it can be difficult to assess cognitive ability.

Management, Education, Mentally disabled children

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Urine collection in infants and children

Article Abstract:

Methods that may be employed to collect urine samples in non-toilet trained infants and children with a urinary tract infection are explained.

United Kingdom, Health aspects, Methods, Diagnosis, Infants, Control, Urinary tract infections, Urine, Urinalysis

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