Hypoperfusion causes increased production of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in the isolated, dually perfused placental cotyledon

Article Abstract:

Reduced blood flow in the placenta causes an increase in interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha. This may be one reason why placental abnormalities increase the risk of fetal diseases, including cerebral palsy.

Inflammation, Inflammation mediators, Interleukin-6, Perfusion (Physiology)

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Localization of messenger ribonucleic acid for adrenomedullin and adrenomedullin receptor in the human placenta in normal pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by oligohydramnios

Article Abstract:

Researchers have discovered the presence of adrenomedullin in placental tissue. Adrenomedullin is a protein in the body that dilates blood vessels, regulates growth, maintains proper kidney function and even functions as a neurotransmitter. The amount of adrenomedullin in placental tissue increased in women with too little amniotic fluid, a condition called oligohydramnios.

Peptide hormones, Oligohydramnios

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The effects of hypoxia and hyperoxia on fetal-placental vascular tone and inflammatory cytokine production

Article Abstract:

Researchers show that fetal blood vessels in the placenta can dilate in response to low blood levels of oxygen. On the other hand, too much oxygen leads to increased production of inflammatory substances that can cause fetal inflammatory response syndrome or cerebral palsy.

Cytokines, Blood vessels, Fetal anoxia, Vasodilation

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