Waning of vaccine-induced immunity: Is it a problem in Africa?

Article Abstract:

It appears that waning of measles vaccine-induced immunity played a role in a measles outbreak among school-age children in Senegal. The issue has implications for policy related to immunization programs. The median age for vaccination for those younger than five years was 295 days. It was 1,017 days for those aged 10-14 years. Secondary attack rates were significantly lower among those vaccinated after they became 365 days of age. In those who were given a well-controlled standard -titier Schwarz measles vaccine at 10 months of age, it was found that as many as 19% had antibody levels below the protective level 5-7 years after the first vaccination. Cost-effectiveness of different multidose regimens should perhaps be studied, especially if waning immunity is a factor. The first priority is that all children have one dose, but that is not mutually exclusive with multidose reimens.

Statistics, Africa

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Role of schools in the transmission of measles in rural Senegal

Article Abstract:

In rural Senegal, in an area with high levels of vaccination, patterns of measles transmission have been studied in the schools and at home. The children studied had a median age of 8 years and numbered 209, 40% of whom were vaccinated against measles, and no deaths occurred among them. In the past the case fatality ratio had been 6-7%. The secondary attack rate was higher in homes than in schools, and in the two larger schools there were 4-5 generations of cases. Vaccine efficacy was at 57% in schools and 74% at home in compounds. Children may have to be required to have measles vaccine before going to school. Multidose measles vaccination will be needed to control the disease in developing countries.

Senegal, Schools

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